Read the New Testament Like It Was Written
Textual Criticism
Textual variants in the Greek New Testament, ranging from minor spelling shifts to significant doctrinal insertions, stem from the fragile process of hand-copying manuscripts across centuries. Mechanical errors like homoioteleuton and dittography mingled with intentional changes such as harmonization, …
The Septuagint (often abbreviated as LXX) is the ancient Greek translation of the Hebrew Bible, traditionally said to have been produced in the 3rd century BC for the Jewish community in Alexandria. It holds immense significance not only for biblical …
The third century B.C. was a pivotal period in the history of the Greek language, marked by significant linguistic, cultural, and political transformations. This era, following the conquests of Alexander the Great and the establishment of Hellenistic kingdoms, saw …
Biblical studies is a rich and dynamic field that explores one of the most influential texts in human history—the Bible. This ancient collection of writings has shaped cultures, sparked …
The Westcott and Hort edition, published in 1881, while historically significant, is often considered less crucial for serious textual researchers today compared to the editions by Scholz, Tischendorf, Tregelles, and von Soden. Here’s why, along with what makes each of …
Becoming a New Testament textual critic involves a combination of education, research, and practical skills. Here’s a step-by-step guide to help you get started:
Undergraduate Studies: Begin with a bachelor’s degree in theology, biblical studies, or …
(1) Θώθ – Ⲑⲱⲟⲩⲧ
(2) Φαῶφι – Ⲡⲁⲱⲡⲉ
(3) Ἁθύρ – Ϩⲁⲑⲱⲣ
(4) Χοίακ – Ⲕⲟⲓⲁⲕ / Ⲕⲓⲁϩⲕ
(5) Τῦβι – Ⲧⲱⲃⲓ
(6) Μεχείρ – Ⲙⲉϣⲓⲣ
(7) Φαμενώθ – Ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲙϩⲁⲧ
(8) Φαρμοῦθι – Ⲡⲁⲣⲙⲟⲩⲧⲉ
(9) Παχών – Ⲡⲁϣⲟⲛⲥ
(10) Παύνι …
501 years ago (March 1, 1516), Desiderius Erasmus, one of the most influential figures of the Reformation, published Novum Instrumentum Omne, the first published New Testament in Greek, in Basel. Complutensian Polyglot was printed in 1514, but was not …
The revision of the Latin version of Erasmus, in his edition of 1519, raised up against him yet more enemies. In his first edition, he retained, in the beginning of St. John’s Gospel, the expression of the Vulgate, “In principio …