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Category Archives: Manuscripts

The Septuagint and Modern Scholarship

The Septuagint (often abbreviated as LXX) is the ancient Greek translation of the Hebrew Bible, traditionally said to have been produced in the 3rd century BC for the Jewish community in Alexandria. It holds immense significance not only for biblical …

Posted byClementFebruary 20, 2025March 17, 2025Posted inManuscripts, Textual Criticism

Greek Ligatures and Abbreviations

Greek abbreviations, contractions and ligatures.

Learning abbreviations in the Greek New Testament is essential for understanding how scribes preserved the text in manuscripts. Abbreviations were used to save space and to show reverence, particularly for sacred names and common phrases. …

Posted byClementJanuary 11, 2017October 24, 2024Posted inManuscriptsTags: abbreviations, contractions, ligatures

Greek Manuscripts In The British Library

The British Library has a collection of over a thousand Greek manuscript volumes. Thanks to a generous grant from the Stavros Niarchos Foundation, the British Library has made the digitized version of its Greek manuscripts freely available online at …

Posted byClementOctober 10, 2015October 10, 2015Posted inManuscripts

The BEGINNING (αρχη) and the END (τελος) in many Greek NT Manuscripts

Many Greek manuscripts of the New Testament after the eighth and ninth centuries mark the beginning of the lections with the word ἀρχή or ἀρ or χʹ/ ἀρ  and the end with the word τέλος or τέ or λ/τέ inserted …

Posted byClementMarch 13, 2014October 24, 2024Posted inManuscripts, Textual Criticism

The Great Isaiah Scroll Online

The Great Isaiah Scroll (1QIsaa) is now available for Biblical scholars to view online. It is a project of The Israel Museum, Jerusalem, and powered by Google technology.

The Dead Sea Srolls available for free viewing online are:…

Posted byClementSeptember 27, 2011March 23, 2025Posted inManuscripts

New Articles

  • The Causes of Various Readings in the Text of the New Testament
  • The Septuagint and Modern Scholarship
  • Conditions and Circumstances of the Greek Language in the Third Century B.C.
  • The Interpreter’s Relation to New Testament Greek Grammar
  • Exegetical Fallacies in the Greek New Testament
  • Quick Guide to Adjectives in New Testament Greek
  • Why Mastering New Testament Greek is Essential for Accurate Biblical Interpretation
  • Foundations of Biblical Studies: Key Disciplines for Understanding Scripture
  • Why Westcott and Hort’s Edition is Less Valuable for Textual Researchers
  • The Language of Scripture: Contrasting New Testament Greek with Septuagint Greek
  • Common Mistakes New Testament Greek Students Make and How to Avoid Them
  • How to Become a Textual Critic or Textual Scholar

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