Textual criticism is the process by which scholars seek to determine the original text of a document or collection of documents, and to present it, free from errors, corruptions, and variations that may have accumulated during its transmission through successive …
Author: Clement
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What are the languages required for New Testament Textual Criticism?
Many prominent New Testament scholars are known for their proficiency in multiple languages, which is essential for their research and textual analysis. Here’s a brief overview of the languages known by some of these scholars:
Constantin von Tischendorf: Renowned …
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The Great Isaiah Scroll Online
The Great Isaiah Scroll (1QIsaa) is now available for Biblical scholars to view online. It is a project of The Israel Museum, Jerusalem, and powered by Google technology.
The Dead Sea Srolls available for free viewing online are:…
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Matthew 1:3: The Use of ἐκ + Genitive in Genealogy and Theological Inclusion
Introduction: When the Preposition Breaks the Pattern
Matthew 1:3–4 continues the genealogical rhythm of ἐγέννησε (“he fathered”), but unexpectedly, a prepositional phrase appears that momentarily shifts focus from male lineage to maternal involvement: ἐκ τῆς Θάμαρ (“from Thamar”). This …
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Imperfective Nuance in the Aorist: The Repetition of ἐγέννησε in Matthew 1:2
Introduction: Genealogy as Theological Narrative
In Matthew 1:2, the genealogy begins in earnest with a triple repetition of the aorist verb ἐγέννησε {egennēse}, meaning “he fathered” or “he begot.” While aorist tense is traditionally associated with punctiliar aspect (summary …
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Unpacking the Genitive Chain: Matthew 1:1 and the Theology of Sonship
Βίβλος γενέσεως Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ· υἱοῦ Δαυὶδ· υἱοῦ Ἀβραάμ·
Introduction: The Weight of Lineage
The opening verse of the Gospel of Matthew is deceptively brief, yet it carries immense theological and grammatical weight. The construction in focus—υἱοῦ Δαυὶδ· υἱοῦ Ἀβραάμ…